Hard+Times

=Unit 9: Hard Times=
 * Describe the weaknesses in the U.S. economy i the late 1920s that helped cause the Great Depression
 * Compare and contrast the political philosophies of Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt
 * Identify social, political, and economic problems the nation faced in 1933 and FDR's response to them
 * Give examples of the growing role of government during the Great Depressions and how that continues today
 * Compare and contrast the changes in government during the Great Depression in the U.S. and those countries that turned to totalitarianism
 * Identify individuals (and their actions) who promoted or diminished the ideals of democracy during the 1930s
 * Recognize the major means the government uses today to regulate the economy and avoid economic crisis

Links
The Great Depression Franklin Delano Roosevelt Park Fun

Key Words

 * depression:** a time of decline in business activity, accompanied by high unemployment and falling prices
 * Dust Bowl:** the name given to the region that was devastated by drought during the Depression years
 * drought:** an extended period of months or years when a region notes a deficiency in its water supply whether surface or underground water
 * Bonus Army:** the name given to 20,000 World War I veterans who marched to Washington to see President Hoover in an effort to get the bonus Congress had promised them for their war service
 * Capitalism:** the economic system in which individuals or companies, rather than the government, own most factories and businesses, and in which laborers produce products for a wage
 * communism:** a political and economic system in which the state owns most of the land and property and shares them with the citizens
 * pacifist:** a person who is opposed to the use of force under any circumstances
 * poliomyelitis (poh-lee-oh-miy-uh-LIY-tuhs):** a highly infectious disease of the nervous system caused by a virus that can cause paralysis; today it can be prevented by a series of vaccinations
 * Civilian Conservation Corps:** a New Deal program created to give unemployed workers jobs preserving the natural resources of the United States

Lesson 1: Suffering
During the Great Depression, huge numbers of Americans suffered and struggled to find ways to cope as they lost jobs, savings, and homes. The farmers of the Great Plains were among the hardest hit, as crop prices fell and droughts and dust storms ravaged once-valuable farmland. media type="youtube" key="gplaqa2yRgg" height="315" width="420" Surviving the Dust Bowl Video Dust Bowl Photographs The Dust Bowl Brother Can You Spare a Dime Dust Bowl Map >
 * 1) Read Chapter 17 in //A History of US: War, Peace, and All That Jazz// by Joy Hakim
 * 2) Listen to the song "Brother Can You Spare a Dime" and be prepared to discuss how the music and lyrics express the feelings of people during the Depression media type="custom" key="19287904"
 * 3) Label a map with the areas affected by the Dust Bowl. What were the natural and man-made causes of the Dust Bowl?
 * 4) Review William Gropper's painting //Migration// on page 84.
 * 5) Listen to //Out of the dust [sound recording]// / Karen Hesse & visit the website Out of the Dust
 * 6) Read //The stock market crash// of 1929 by Scott Ingram
 * 7) Read //The day of the black blizzard// by Candice Ransom

Lesson 2: Democracy in Danger
The crisis of the Great Depression threatened both the political and the economic systems of the United States, especially when it because apparent that President Hoover had no bold new ideas to meet the challenge the nation faced. The Bonus March The Bonus Army Invades Washington, D.C. Migrant Mother
 * 1) Read Chapter 18 in //A History of US: War, Peace, and All That Jazz// by Joy Hakim
 * 2) Listen to the song "Brother Can You Spare a Dime" again, and study the lyrics. Write your own song that you think might be appropriate for this time in history. media type="youtube" key="eih67rlGNhU" height="315" width="420"
 * 3) Do you think that President Hoover understood what was happening to millions of people? Why or why not?
 * 4) Who was the Bonus Army and what did President Hoover do to them?

Lesson 3: Young Franklin
When he was very young Franklin Delano Roosevelt was fascinated by family stories that connected him with the nation's past. Roosevelt came from a privileged background. But it was the values his family instilled in him--honesty, kindness, and religious faith--that gave him the courage to tackle frustrations ranging from a crippling bout of polio to the challenges of national politics. What is Polio? A New Deal
 * 1) Read Chapters 19 & 20 in //A History of US: War, Peace, and All That Jazz// by Joy Hakim
 * 2) Read A Boy Named FDR: how Franklin D. Roosevelt grew up to change America by Kathleen Krull
 * 3) Begin collecting information about Franklin Delano Roosevelt
 * 4) Be prepared to discuss the early life of Franklin Delano Roosevelt

Lesson 4: A Woman of Courage
Elliott Roosevelt inspired his daughter Eleanor with his dreams of the woman she would one day become. Eleanor never lost sight of those dreams as she struggled to overcome the fears and insecurities of a painful childhood. Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt formed a great political team. When polio crippled FDR, Eleanor became his legs, eyes, and ears. Quotes from Eleanor Roosevelt Biography of Eleanor Roosevelt Eleanor Roosevelt National Historic Site Time 100: Leaders & Revolutionaries The American Experience
 * 1) Read Eleanor Roosevelt : first lady of the world / by the editors of Time for kids
 * 2) Read Chapters 21 & 22 in //A History of US: War, Peace, and All That Jazz// by Joy Hakim
 * 3) Be prepared to discuss Roosevelt's early life
 * 4) Be prepared to discuss what the tasks of being First Lady were for Eleanor Roosevelt

Lesson 5: Polio and Politics
Although polio crippled Roosevelt, it gave him strength and courage that would mold his presidency. At the 1932 Democratic National Convention, Roosevelt pledged a "new deal for the American people" Biography Franklin Delano Roosevelt Franklin D. Roosevelt

media type="youtube" key="2Yeyc1ogMiI" height="315" width="420"
 * 1) Read Who was Franklin Roosevelt? / by Margaret Frith ; iIllustrated by John O'Brien
 * 2) Read Chapters 23 & 24 in //A History of US: War, Peace, and All That Jazz// by Joy Hakim
 * 3) What were the economic problems facing the country when FDR took office?
 * 4) What was the "New Deal"?

Lesson 6: A Powerful President
FDR swept into office with a whirlwind agenda for change. his New Deal programs actively involved government in the lies of citizens and shared power with people who had never held it before. FDR's reshaping of the U.S. government sparked a debate over big government that continues to this day. President Roosevelt's Inauguration First Inaugural Address


 * 1) Read Chapter 25 in //A History of US: War, Peace, and All That Jazz// by Joy Hakim
 * 2) Read Franklin Delano Roosevelt : the New Deal president / by Brenda Haugen
 * 3) Compare and contract Roosevelt's ideas on how to end the Depression with those of Coolidge and Hoover
 * 4) List at least two ways that FDR increased citizen participation in government
 * 5) Air Force One - Explore the plane: Air Force One

Lesson 7: The Government Grows
During the Great Depression, thousands of banks,s stores, and factories closed and millions of people lost their jobs. Franklin Delano Roosevelt had a plan to lift the United States out of its crisis. His plan--the New Deal--would establish government programs that served three purposes. They would help Americans get back to work, bring recover to the economy, and they would put safeguards in place so a similar depression could never happen again. Fireside Chat Video FDR Fireside Chats Civilian Conservation Corps Legacy New Deal Artwork The Dorothea Lange Collection Learn about the FDIC Securities and Exchange Commission - What They Do History of Social Security What is the TVA?
 * 1) Read New Ideas for a new Deal, the box on page 109 of Chapter 25 in //A History of US: War, Peace, and All That Jazz// by Joy Hakim
 * 2) Research what New Deal programs are still in existence today
 * 3) Dorothea Lange worked for the Farm Security Administration from 1935 to 1939. The photographs she took show the people who needed the New Deal, those who fled the Dust Bowl for California, and progress made as results of FDR's programs. Review the photographs linked above.